OrangePi 5 Pro vs OrangePi 5 Max vs Raspberry Pi 5

Nathaniel Davidson

• 4 min read

Devices

  • Raspberry Pi 5
    • 8GB
Architecture:             aarch64
  CPU op-mode(s):         32-bit, 64-bit
  Byte Order:             Little Endian
CPU(s):                   4
  On-line CPU(s) list:    0-3
Vendor ID:                ARM
  Model name:             Cortex-A76
    Model:                1
    Thread(s) per core:   1
    Core(s) per cluster:  4
    Socket(s):            -
    Cluster(s):           1
    Stepping:             r4p1
    CPU(s) scaling MHz:   62%
    CPU max MHz:          2400.0000
    CPU min MHz:          1500.0000
    BogoMIPS:             108.00
    Flags:                fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
Caches (sum of all):      
  L1d:                    256 KiB (4 instances)
  L1i:                    256 KiB (4 instances)
  L2:                     2 MiB (4 instances)
  L3:                     2 MiB (1 instance)
Vulnerabilities:          
  Gather data sampling:   Not affected
  Itlb multihit:          Not affected
  L1tf:                   Not affected
  Mds:                    Not affected
  Meltdown:               Not affected
  Mmio stale data:        Not affected
  Reg file data sampling: Not affected
  Retbleed:               Not affected
  Spec rstack overflow:   Not affected
  Spec store bypass:      Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
  Spectre v1:             Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:             Mitigation; CSV2, BHB
  Srbds:                  Not affected
  Tsx async abort:        Not affected
  • Orange Pi 5 Pro
    • 16GB LPDDR5
    • RK3588S
Architecture:           aarch64
  CPU op-mode(s):       32-bit, 64-bit
  Byte Order:           Little Endian
CPU(s):                 8
  On-line CPU(s) list:  0-7
Vendor ID:              ARM
  Model name:           Cortex-A55
    Model:              0
    Thread(s) per core: 1
    Core(s) per socket: 4
    Socket(s):          1
    Stepping:           r2p0
    CPU max MHz:        1800.0000
    CPU min MHz:        408.0000
    BogoMIPS:           48.00
    Flags:              fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
  Model name:           Cortex-A76
    Model:              0
    Thread(s) per core: 1
    Core(s) per socket: 4
    Socket(s):          1
    Stepping:           r4p0
    CPU max MHz:        2352.0000
    CPU min MHz:        408.0000
    BogoMIPS:           48.00
    Flags:              fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
Caches (sum of all):    
  L1d:                  384 KiB (8 instances)
  L1i:                  384 KiB (8 instances)
  L2:                   2.5 MiB (8 instances)
  L3:                   3 MiB (1 instance)
Vulnerabilities:        
  Itlb multihit:        Not affected
  L1tf:                 Not affected
  Mds:                  Not affected
  Meltdown:             Not affected
  Mmio stale data:      Not affected
  Retbleed:             Not affected
  Spec store bypass:    Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
  Spectre v1:           Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:           Vulnerable: Unprivileged eBPF enabled
  Srbds:                Not affected
  Tsx async abort:      Not affected
  • Orange Pi 5 Max
    • 16GB LPDDR5
    • RK3588
Architecture:           aarch64
  CPU op-mode(s):       32-bit, 64-bit
  Byte Order:           Little Endian
CPU(s):                 8
  On-line CPU(s) list:  0-7
Vendor ID:              ARM
  Model name:           Cortex-A55
    Model:              0
    Thread(s) per core: 1
    Core(s) per socket: 4
    Socket(s):          1
    Stepping:           r2p0
    CPU max MHz:        1800.0000
    CPU min MHz:        408.0000
    BogoMIPS:           48.00
    Flags:              fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
  Model name:           Cortex-A76
    Model:              0
    Thread(s) per core: 1
    Core(s) per socket: 4
    Socket(s):          1
    Stepping:           r4p0
    CPU max MHz:        2352.0000
    CPU min MHz:        408.0000
    BogoMIPS:           48.00
    Flags:              fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
Caches (sum of all):    
  L1d:                  384 KiB (8 instances)
  L1i:                  384 KiB (8 instances)
  L2:                   2.5 MiB (8 instances)
  L3:                   3 MiB (1 instance)
Vulnerabilities:        
  Itlb multihit:        Not affected
  L1tf:                 Not affected
  Mds:                  Not affected
  Meltdown:             Not affected
  Mmio stale data:      Not affected
  Retbleed:             Not affected
  Spec store bypass:    Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
  Spectre v1:           Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:           Vulnerable: Unprivileged eBPF enabled
  Srbds:                Not affected
  Tsx async abort:      Not affected

Application: Stress NG

Raspberry Pi Command:
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-method all --metrics --perf -t 60
Orange Pi Command:
stress-ng --cpu 8 --cpu-method all --metrics --perf -t 60

  • Performance Metrics:
    OrangePi 5 Pro achieved 66,334 bogo ops at 1101.7 bogo ops/s. OrangePi 5 Max slightly outperformed with 67,581 bogo ops at 1122.98 bogo ops/s. Raspberry Pi 5, with fewer cores, managed 43,756 bogo ops at 724.5 bogo ops/s. All CPUs were utilized near 100%, with the OrangePi models providing higher multi-threaded performance.
  • Instruction Efficiency:
    OrangePi 5 Pro had an IPC of 2.014, showing efficient instruction handling. OrangePi 5 Max had a lower IPC of 1.145, but higher ops/s, indicating differences in instruction throughput optimization. Raspberry Pi 5 had an IPC of 2.069, but lower overall throughput due to core limitations.
  • Cache Performance:
    OrangePi 5 Pro had a cache miss rate of 1.8%, with significant backend stalls. OrangePi 5 Max improved to a 1.51% miss rate, indicating better memory efficiency. Raspberry Pi 5 had a higher cache miss rate at 2.648%, with L1 data cache misses of 2.699%, leading to more memory inefficiencies.
  • System Calls and Context Switching:
    OrangePi 5 Pro had 597.71 context switches per second, while OrangePi 5 Max had only 1.83, indicating efficient scheduling on the Max. Raspberry Pi 5 had a higher rate of 11.57 switches per second, suggesting more kernel overhead due to fewer cores.
  • Overall Observations:
    OrangePi models excel in multi-threaded performance, with better throughput and memory efficiency compared to the Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi 5 showed higher per-core efficiency but was limited by core count and cache inefficiencies.
Output image
Here's a set of graphs showing the performance metrics across the three devices, including bogo operations, bogo operations per second, instructions per cycle (IPC), cache miss rate, and context switch rate.
Output image
Here are additional graphs showing CPU utilization, stalled backend cycles, total page faults, and IRQ entry rates across the three devices.